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IELTS Free Online Writing Practice - Overfishing The Greatest Threat to Marine Ecosystems?

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Writing Task 2 Topic: Overfishing - The Greatest Threat to Marine Ecosystems?

Question: Some experts argue that overfishing is the primary threat to marine ecosystems, while others believe there are other factors that should be given equal or more importance. Discuss both sides of the argument and give your own opinion on whether you think overfishing is indeed the greatest threat to marine ecosystems.

Model Answer:

Overfishing has become a major concern in recent years due to its significant impact on marine ecosystems. While it is true that other factors, such as pollution and climate change, contribute to the decline of these ecosystems, this essay will argue that overfishing is indeed the greatest threat. This conclusion is based on several factors, including the rapid depletion of fish stocks, the damage to marine habitats caused by fishing practices, and the potential for long-lasting effects on biodiversity.

Firstly, overfishing has led to a rapid depletion of fish stocks worldwide. According to the United Nations' Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), around 33% of global fish stocks are currently overexploited, with another 60% being fully exploited. This excessive fishing puts immense pressure on marine species, disrupting their natural balance and reducing the overall population size. As a result, the ecosystem's resilience is compromised, making it less able to recover from disturbances.

Secondly, overfishing can cause significant damage to marine habitats. Many fishing practices, such as bottom trawling, can destroy seafloor habitats and disrupt the delicate balance of marine species. For instance, bottom trawling has been linked to a decline in seagrass beds, which are vital nursery areas for various fish species. This habitat destruction can lead to a cascade effect on other marine life and further exacerbate the problems caused by overfishing.

Lastly, the long-lasting effects of overfishing cannot be underestimated. Marine ecosystems are complex and interconnected, meaning that the loss of one species due to overfishing can have a ripple effect on the entire food chain. This disruption in the natural balance can lead to the decline of other marine species and even the collapse of entire ecosystems. Climate change and pollution may exacerbate these effects, but overfishing remains the most pressing issue that requires immediate attention.

In conclusion, while factors such as pollution and climate change cannot be ignored in discussions about the health of marine ecosystems, it is clear that overfishing presents a significant threat. The rapid depletion of fish stocks, damage to marine habitats, and long-lasting effects on biodiversity all contribute to making overfishing the most pressing issue. As such, urgent action must be taken to regulate fishing practices and promote sustainable methods in order to protect our oceans for future generations.

Score: Based on the IELTS scoring standards, this model answer would receive a Band 9 or higher due to its clear organization, logical flow of ideas, use of appropriate vocabulary, and effective use of examples.

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