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IELTS Free Online Writing Practice - Is urbanization detrimental to the environment?

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IELTS Writing Task 2 Topic: "Is urbanization detrimental to the environment?"

Model Answer:

It is an undeniable fact that urbanization has become a global phenomenon in recent times, with cities expanding at an alarming rate. While this growth can bring about numerous benefits such as economic development and improved living standards, it also raises concerns regarding its impact on the environment. In this essay, I will argue that urbanization, if not managed sustainably, can indeed be detrimental to the environment.

Firstly, one of the most significant consequences of urbanization is deforestation. As cities expand and populations increase, there is a continuous demand for land, leading to the clearance of vast tracts of forests. Deforestation results in the loss of biodiversity, as habitats are destroyed, and ecosystems are disrupted. Furthermore, trees play a crucial role in absorbing carbon dioxide, which is a major contributor to global warming. The removal of these "carbon sinks" exacerbates the problem of climate change.

Secondly, urbanization contributes significantly to air and water pollution. Increased industrialization and transportation needs lead to higher emissions of pollutants, which degrade air quality. Additionally, wastewater from cities often ends up in rivers and oceans without proper treatment, causing water pollution and harming marine life. This not only affects the environment but also poses health risks for humans living in these urban areas.

Lastly, the consumption of non-renewable resources such as oil, gas, and coal is inevitable during rapid urbanization. These fossil fuels are utilized to power industries, generate electricity, and facilitate transportation. As demand continues to rise, natural reserves are depleted at an alarming rate, contributing to climate change and leaving future generations with limited access to these essential resources.

In conclusion, while urbanization offers many advantages in terms of economic growth and improved living standards, it can be detrimental to the environment if not managed responsibly. Deforestation, air and water pollution, as well as the consumption of non-renewable resources, are all consequences that require immediate attention from policymakers and city planners. Sustainable urban development, focusing on green technologies, resource conservation, and the preservation of natural ecosystems, is essential to mitigate these negative impacts and ensure a sustainable future for both cities and their environments.

Score (according to IELTS scoring standards):

- Task Response: 9 - The candidate has responded fully to all parts of the question, addressing all the relevant aspects of the topic.
- Coherence and Cohesion: 8 - The response is well organized and logically structured with appropriate cohesive devices used throughout.
- Lexical Resource: 8 - The candidate demonstrates a wide range of vocabulary, though there may be occasional inaccuracies or redundancies.
- Grammatical Range & Accuracy: 8 - There are only minor errors that do not impede understanding.

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