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IELTS Free Online Writing Practice - Discuss the impact of ocean acidification on marine life.

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Writing Task 2 Topic: "Discuss the impact of ocean acidification on marine life."

Model Answer:

Ocean acidification has emerged as a significant environmental concern, with far-reaching implications for marine ecosystems. This essay will discuss the consequences of ocean acidification on marine life, including its effects on marine species' survival, reproduction, and adaptation mechanisms.

Firstly, ocean acidification affects the survival of marine organisms by altering their physiological processes. The increased concentration of hydrogen ions in seawater causes a decrease in the availability of carbonate ions, which are essential for the formation of calcium carbonate shells and skeletons in various marine species such as mollusks, corals, and some plankton. As a result, these organisms struggle to maintain their calcium carbonate structures, leading to weaker and more vulnerable creatures. Consequently, their ability to survive predation and environmental stress is compromised.

Secondly, ocean acidification impacts the reproductive cycles of marine species. The reduced availability of carbonate ions also affects the fertilization process in many marine animals, including sea urchins and certain types of mollusks. In these species, the larval stage relies on calcium carbonate for proper development. Consequently, ocean acidification disrupts the reproductive cycle and leads to decreased reproduction rates, ultimately reducing the overall population size.

Lastly, marine organisms possess adaptive mechanisms to cope with changes in their environment; however, ocean acidification poses a significant challenge to these mechanisms. For instance, some species can alter their metabolic processes to compensate for the reduced availability of carbonate ions. However, these adjustments often come at a cost, such as increased energy expenditure or decreased growth rates, which may not be sustainable in the long run. Moreover, certain organisms may shift their distribution range to more favorable conditions, but this could lead to competition with other species and disrupt the delicate balance of marine ecosystems.

In conclusion, ocean acidification has far-reaching consequences for marine life by affecting the survival, reproduction, and adaptability of various species. While some organisms may be able to adapt to these changes, the overall impact on marine ecosystems is expected to be significant and long-lasting. It is crucial for governments and organizations worldwide to implement strategies to mitigate ocean acidification and protect our marine life from further damage.

Score: Band 9

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