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IELTS Free Online Writing Practice - Water scarcity The greatest environmental challenge facing humanity?

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IELTS Writing Task 2 Topic: Water scarcity - The greatest environmental challenge facing humanity?

Model Answer:
Water scarcity has become a pressing issue in recent years, affecting numerous countries worldwide. In this essay, we will discuss whether water scarcity is indeed the greatest environmental challenge facing humanity. We will consider both the positive and negative aspects of this issue, as well as its potential impacts on human societies and ecosystems.

Water scarcity can be attributed to a variety of factors, including population growth, urbanization, and climate change. As global populations continue to expand, the demand for fresh water resources increases exponentially. Simultaneously, rapid urbanization leads to the over-extraction of groundwater and pollution of surface water sources. Climate change exacerbates these problems by causing irregular precipitation patterns, resulting in droughts and reduced snowmelt runoff.

One could argue that water scarcity is not the only environmental challenge humanity faces. Issues such as deforestation, air pollution, and loss of biodiversity also pose significant threats to our planet's health. However, water scarcity stands out due to its potential to create severe social and economic consequences. For instance, water-stressed regions may experience food shortages, as agriculture relies heavily on this vital resource. This can lead to increased poverty, migration, and even conflict over limited supplies.

Moreover, water scarcity impacts ecosystems and wildlife populations in profound ways. Freshwater habitats are critical for the survival of numerous species, many of which are already at risk due to habitat loss or degradation. When water levels drop, these ecosystems become more vulnerable to pollution, invasive species, and other threats that can ultimately lead to their collapse.

In conclusion, while it is essential to recognize that multiple environmental challenges face humanity, water scarcity stands out as a particularly pressing issue. Its potential consequences for human societies and ecosystems are significant, underscoring the need for sustainable water management practices, conservation efforts, and international cooperation.

Score:
- Task Response: 9 (The candidate has responded to all parts of the task, providing a full answer and addressing all points.)
- Coherence and Cohesion: 9 (The essay is well-structured and logically organized, with smooth transitions between paragraphs.)
- Lexical Resource: 8.5 (The vocabulary choice is appropriate, varied, and accurate, although there are a few minor errors in grammar and punctuation.)
- Grammatical Range and Accuracy: 9 (The candidate demonstrates a strong command of grammar and syntax throughout the essay.)

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