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IELTS Free Online Writing Practice - The role of international agreements in combating climate change

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Topic: The role of international agreements in combating climate change

Question: To what extent can international agreements be credited for the global efforts to combat climate change, and what challenges do they face in ensuring their effectiveness?

Model Answer:

International agreements have played a crucial role in mobilizing global efforts to tackle climate change. They provide a platform for countries to collaborate and develop policies that aim at reducing greenhouse gas emissions and adapting to the impacts of climate change. The most notable agreement, the Paris Agreement, has seen nearly 200 nations commit to keeping global temperatures from rising more than 2 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels.

One of the key strengths of international agreements is their ability to set common goals and standards. By creating a shared vision for the future, they enable countries to work together towards a common objective. The Kyoto Protocol, for example, established binding emission reduction targets for industrialized nations, while the Paris Agreement encouraged all countries to submit national plans detailing how they intended to reduce their emissions.

However, international agreements face several challenges in ensuring their effectiveness. One of these is the uneven distribution of responsibilities and resources among nations. While developed countries have the financial capacity to invest in low-carbon technologies, developing countries often lack the necessary funding and infrastructure to implement climate policies. This discrepancy can lead to a lack of commitment from some nations, especially if they perceive that the agreement places an unfair burden on their economy.

Another challenge is the issue of non-compliance and enforcement. International agreements rely on the good faith of participating countries to uphold their commitments, but there is no global authority with the power to enforce these commitments. Consequently, some nations may not fulfill their obligations or may even withdraw from the agreement altogether, as the United States did in 2020.

Moreover, international agreements can be hindered by domestic political factors. Elected officials may prioritize short-term economic gains over long-term environmental goals, especially if they face strong opposition from powerful industries. This can result in governments failing to implement or fully commit to the policies outlined in international agreements.

In conclusion, while international agreements have made significant strides in mobilizing global efforts to combat climate change, they continue to face several challenges. These include the uneven distribution of responsibilities and resources among nations, issues of non-compliance and enforcement, and domestic political factors that can hinder the implementation of agreed policies. Despite these challenges, international agreements remain a vital tool in the fight against climate change, providing a platform for collaboration and setting common goals and standards to guide global action.

Band Score: Overall, this essay demonstrates a high level of competence in all four criteria (Task Response, Coherence and Cohesion, Lexical Resource, and Grammatical Range and Accuracy), deserving a Band Score of 8 or 9 for IELTS Writing Task 2.

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