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IELTS Free Online Writing Practice - The role of international agreements in combating climate change

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Topic: The role of international agreements in combating climate change

Question: In what ways have international agreements contributed to the fight against climate change, and how effective have these agreements been in achieving their goals?

Model Answer:

In recent years, international agreements have played a significant role in combating climate change. These agreements aim to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, promote sustainable development, and encourage global cooperation on environmental issues. This essay will discuss the impact of three key international agreements - the Kyoto Protocol, the Paris Agreement, and the Montreal Protocol - and assess their effectiveness in achieving their goals.

Firstly, the Kyoto Protocol, adopted in 1997, was the first global agreement to legally bind industrialized countries to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions. By setting targets for each nation based on its economic capabilities, the protocol aimed to promote a more equitable distribution of the burden of reducing emissions. Although the Kyoto Protocol has had some success in reducing emissions in developed nations, it has faced criticism for excluding major emitters like the United States and China from its binding commitments.

Secondly, the Paris Agreement, which came into force in 2016, represents a significant step forward in global climate action. Unlike the Kyoto Protocol, the Paris Agreement is open to all countries, both developed and developing, and aims to keep global temperature rise below 2 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels. The agreement also seeks to strengthen the ability of countries to adapt to the impacts of climate change and finance a just transition to a low-carbon economy. However, the effectiveness of the Paris Agreement remains uncertain, as some of the world's largest emitters have not yet met their targets, and the current commitments made by nations may not be sufficient to limit global warming to the agreed-upon goals.

Lastly, the Montreal Protocol, although focused on protecting the ozone layer rather than addressing climate change directly, has had a significant impact on reducing greenhouse gas emissions. By phasing out the production and consumption of ozone-depleting substances like chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), the protocol has inadvertently reduced emissions of greenhouse gases responsible for global warming. This agreement demonstrates the potential for international cooperation to address complex environmental issues effectively.

In conclusion, while international agreements have made substantial contributions to combating climate change and have achieved some successes, their effectiveness in meeting overall goals remains limited. To ensure a more effective response to climate change, future agreements must involve all nations, set ambitious yet achievable targets, and establish robust monitoring and accountability mechanisms. Only then can we hope to address the challenge of global warming and safeguard our planet for future generations.

Overall Band Score: 7.5 (The quality of this response is above average, demonstrating an excellent understanding of the topic, with only a few minor inaccuracies or omissions.)

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