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IELTS Free Online Writing Practice - The role of consumerism in driving environmental degradation

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Topic: The role of consumerism in driving environmental degradation

Model Answer:
In recent years, consumerism has become a major driving force behind environmental degradation. This essay will examine the impact of consumerism on the environment and consider whether it is primarily responsible for environmental problems or if other factors contribute significantly.

Firstly, consumerism contributes to environmental degradation by encouraging overproduction and overconsumption. With an increasing focus on material wealth and possessions, people are buying more goods than ever before, which leads to an increase in production. This demand for products has a significant impact on the environment due to resource extraction, waste generation, and pollution emissions.

Secondly, consumerism promotes a culture of planned obsolescence, where products are designed to break down or become outdated after a certain period. This leads to an accelerated cycle of consumption and disposal, which has a detrimental effect on the environment as more resources are consumed and waste is generated at an alarming rate.

However, it is important to acknowledge that consumerism is not the sole factor contributing to environmental degradation. Other significant factors include industrialization, urbanization, and population growth. For instance, industries such as mining, agriculture, and manufacturing contribute significantly to air and water pollution, deforestation, and habitat destruction, which have a direct impact on the environment.

Moreover, urbanization has led to the expansion of cities, leading to increased land use for infrastructure development, which results in loss of biodiversity and ecosystem disruption. Additionally, population growth places more pressure on natural resources, exacerbating deforestation, water depletion, and pollution levels.

In conclusion, consumerism is undoubtedly a significant factor contributing to environmental degradation due to overproduction, overconsumption, and planned obsolescence. However, it is essential to recognize that other factors, such as industrialization, urbanization, and population growth, also play crucial roles in causing environmental problems. To address these issues, governments, industries, and individuals must work collaboratively to implement sustainable practices and policies that prioritize the environment and ensure its long-term health.

Overall Band Score: 8.5

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