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IELTS Free Online Writing Practice - Discuss the impact of technology on sustainable development.

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IELTS Writing Task 2 Topic:"Discuss the impact of technology on sustainable development."

Model Answer:

Technology has played a significant role in sustainable development over recent decades, with both positive and negative consequences. On one hand, it has facilitated advancements in renewable energy sources, efficient resource management and waste reduction, but on the other, it has led to increased environmental degradation due to mass production, resource extraction and electronic waste.

One of the most prominent contributions of technology to sustainable development is the rise of renewable energy sources, such as solar, wind, and hydropower. These technologies have significantly reduced dependence on non-renewable fossil fuels, reducing emissions and mitigating the effects of climate change. For example, the proliferation of solar panels has allowed countries like Germany to generate up to 40% of their electricity from renewable sources (BNEF, 2019).

Moreover, advancements in technology have led to more efficient resource management and waste reduction. The Internet of Things (IoT) enables smart cities to monitor and optimize energy consumption, reduce water wastage, and improve waste management. For instance, San Francisco's Zero Waste program, which combines recycling, composting, and anaerobic digestion technologies, has helped the city divert over 80% of its waste from landfills (SF Environment, 2017).

However, technology can also have detrimental effects on sustainable development. Mass production and resource extraction, driven by technological innovations, have led to increased deforestation, loss of biodiversity, and environmental degradation. The proliferation of electronic devices has also resulted in a significant increase in e-waste, with the majority of discarded devices ending up in landfills or informal recycling facilities, contributing to toxic pollution (UNEP, 2017).

In conclusion, while technology has undeniably contributed to sustainable development through renewable energy and efficient resource management, it is essential that its potential negative impacts are addressed. This includes promoting eco-friendly production methods, reducing electronic waste, and implementing stricter regulations on resource extraction. Ultimately, the future of sustainable development hinges on the responsible application of technology and a shift towards a more circular economy.

Overall Score: 8.0/9.0 (Band 7.5)

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