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IELTS Free Online Writing Practice - Discuss the impact of air pollution on human health

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IELTS Writing Task 2 Topic: Discuss the impact of air pollution on human health

Model Answer:

Air pollution has become a significant concern for many urban centres around the world due to its numerous negative effects on human health. This essay will discuss some of the key ways in which air pollution impacts our well-being, with a focus on respiratory diseases and cardiovascular issues.

Firstly, air pollution is known to exacerbate pre-existing respiratory conditions such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Pollutants like particulate matter (PM), nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and sulphur dioxide (SO2) are particularly harmful, as they can penetrate deep into the lungs, causing inflammation and irritation. This leads to more frequent and severe asthma attacks, as well as an increase in COPD symptoms like coughing, wheezing and shortness of breath.

Secondly, air pollution has been linked to a range of cardiovascular issues. Long-term exposure to polluted air can lead to the hardening and narrowing of blood vessels, a condition known as atherosclerosis. This restricts blood flow and increases the risk of heart attacks and strokes. Additionally, pollutants like NO2 and SO2 can cause oxidative stress and inflammation in the body, which are key factors in the development of cardiovascular diseases.

Furthermore, air pollution is thought to play a role in the development of other health problems, such as lung cancer. The inhalation of carcinogenic particles, like those from cigarette smoke or vehicle exhaust fumes, can lead to genetic mutations and cell damage within the lungs, ultimately resulting in the formation of tumours.

In conclusion, air pollution has a wide-ranging impact on human health. It not only exacerbates existing respiratory conditions but also contributes to the development of cardiovascular diseases and potentially even lung cancer. As such, it is essential for governments and individuals alike to take action in reducing air pollution to protect public health.

Score: Band 9

This essay has a clear thesis statement and provides a comprehensive discussion of the topic. It effectively presents various ways in which air pollution impacts human health, supported by relevant examples and explanations. The conclusion is thought-provoking and emphasises the importance of reducing air pollution to protect public health.

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