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IELTS Free Online Writing Practice - Write an essay on the The role of agriculture in contributing to environmental degradation.

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Task: Write an essay on the topic "The role of agriculture in contributing to environmental degradation."

Model Answer:
Agriculture has been a cornerstone of human civilization since its inception, providing sustenance and shaping the course of history. However, it is also a significant contributor to environmental degradation. In this essay, we will examine the role of agriculture in causing deforestation, soil erosion, water pollution, and loss of biodiversity. Additionally, we will discuss the potential solutions to mitigate these negative impacts on the environment.

One of the major concerns associated with agriculture is deforestation. To clear land for agricultural purposes, large tracts of forests have been cleared worldwide. This practice not only reduces the carbon-absorbing capacity of forests but also disrupts the delicate balance of ecosystems and biodiversity. Moreover, deforestation leads to the loss of habitat for countless species, resulting in a significant decline in global biodiversity.

Another issue arising from agriculture is soil erosion. Intensive farming practices such as monoculture and excessive use of fertilizers and pesticides have degraded the soil quality. Additionally, tilling and plowing practices accelerate the rate at which soil loses its nutrients and organic matter, ultimately leading to desertification in some regions. Soil erosion not only reduces the soil's ability to support plant life but also contributes to water pollution through the transport of sediment and pollutants into rivers and lakes.

Water pollution is another byproduct of agricultural practices. Runoff from fertilizers, pesticides, and animal waste contain high levels of nitrogen and phosphorus, which can contaminate nearby water sources. This leads to the eutrophication of bodies of water, causing algal blooms and oxygen depletion that result in mass fish deaths. Furthermore, the over-extraction of groundwater for irrigation purposes has led to the depletion of aquifers in several parts of the world.

Lastly, the loss of biodiversity is a direct consequence of large-scale agricultural practices. Monoculture systems and the extensive use of pesticides have led to a decline in the variety of plant and animal species. The homogenization of food production has diminished genetic diversity, leaving crops and livestock vulnerable to disease and environmental changes.

In conclusion, agriculture's role in contributing to environmental degradation is multifaceted and requires urgent attention. To mitigate these effects, it is essential to adopt sustainable agricultural practices such as crop rotation, organic farming, and agroforestry. Additionally, governments should implement policies that promote biodiversity conservation, regulate the use of chemicals in agriculture, and encourage responsible water usage. By adopting these measures, we can ensure a more harmonious relationship between agriculture and the environment for future generations.

Score: Band 9.0 (Excellent)

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